Friss tételek

Natural resources in Hungary


Is our country country rich or poor in natural resources?
The answer is not definite. We are abound in soils and water resources. However, we have just little energy resources and unfortunately several minerals of which we cannot extract anything.

Coal resources. Lignite (the most), brown coal and black coal. Low quality, difficult to excavate and a cruel burden for nature.
Lignite: At the southern slopes of the Northern Mountain Range. Poor quality BUT can be excavated by open mining.
Brown coal: Transdanubian and Northern Mountain Ranges. Poor quality.
Black Coal: In the Mecsek Block Mountains.
Hydrocarbons: Oil and gas were first found in the Zalai Hills. However, on the Southern part of the Hungarian Plain a huge socket was found and this is significant even today.
Ores:
In the Matra, copper ore. Very significant even on a world scale. But its excavation is very costly.
In the Transdanubian Mountain Range, the bauxite socket is significant. However, as a result of the excavation of this material, the level of the karstic water has fallen down so much that the water of the spas was also endangered, such as that of the Hévízi-tó. Consequently, several mines had to be closed in order to protect the interests of tourism.
Manganese ore: in the Bakony. Insignificant.
The quantity of other minerals is significant. In the Northern Mountain Range: Guhr (kovaföld), kaolin, bentonite. Building materials: andesite, basalt, limestone, dolomite. Sand and marbles are excavated from the alluvial cones.

Renewable energy resources: rivers. Despite of the fact that two hydroelectric power plants were installed on River Tisza (Kisköre & Tiszalök), they don’t generate so much electric current. Their installation mainly took place because of the predictably better navigational conditions. The river is navigable up to Vásárosnamény but due to the fluctuating water level it has real significance just within the borders. The water of the River Danube is used mainly for industrial purposes. The Hungarian segment of the river is navigable and since the Danube-Maine-Rhine canal was created, our ships can reach the North Sea.
The underground confined waters are also important.
The thermal waters are very significant, we have the fourth greatest socket in the world. The quantity of the water is unfortunately gradually lessening.
Greenhouses (and for example, in Szeged, even houses) are heated by geothermal energy.
The spas are very important from the medical point of view. Hévíz, Harkány, Hajdúszoboszló, Zalakaros and Bükfürdő are important.
Soils are also important. Their formation is a long process so their destruction should be avoided at any price, the soils on the slopes are the most endangered ones.

Our climatic conditions may also mean renewable energy resources. The number of sunny hours is favourable for the agriculture. The annual mean precipitation is also convenient but its distribution is not that good. Collectors and wind power plants have not really come into use but their usage would be good. Climatic health resorts are important and the air of some of our caves is of medical importance, such as that of the Baradla and Abaligeti caves.
From the point of view of the protection of the nature, the key word is recycling.

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