Composition:
The
atmosphere is a mixture of different gases, but it also contains particles in
liquid and solid states.
There are
three types of the atmospheric gases:
-constant gases: gases whose
quantities is considered to be stable over long period
-nitrogen,
oxygen, inert gases (nemes gázok): helium, xenon, krypton
-variable gases: gases whose quantities
may change observably within several years or decades
-carbon
dioxide, methane, hydrogen, ozone
-strongly variable gases: gases whose
quantities change within days or weeks
-water vapour, carbon
monoxide, nitrogen dioxide, ammonia, sulphur dioxide, hydrogen sulphide
The most important components
of the atmosphere are –nitrogen
78%
-oxygen 21%
-argon 0.9%
-carbon
dioxide 0.03%
-the
amount of water
vapour can be significant too.
Structure:
The atmosphere has layers:
-troposphere :-0-10 km
-people
live in it
-This region includes three-quarters of the
total mass and the total water mass
in the
atmosphere.
-formation of clouds and precipitation, and
various air movements takes place
in this
region./ but there are some exceptions/
-this is the densest
-stratosphere :-11-50 km
-at a height
of 20-30 km, there is the ozone layer.
-it is formed there from 
-it save the biosphere from the UV
waves
-mesosphere :-50-80 km
-thermosphere:-80-500 km
-ionosphere :-500-800 km
-there are
the radio waves
-exosphere :-Its internal border is at a height of
500-1000 km
-The transience between its external
border and the interplanetary space
(bolygóközi tér) is continuous.
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